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Alloy Steel A213 T91 Tubing

Alloy Steel A213 T91 Tubing

Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is a premium-grade material manufactured from chromium-molybdenum-vanadium alloy. It is characterised by high strength, high-temperature stability, and high corrosion resistance. The T91 grade is under the specification ASTM A213, which covers the seamless ferritic and austenitic alloy steel boiler, superheater, and heat exchanger tubes.

Chemical Composition of Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing

The composition of the Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is crucial for understanding their properties and performance in various industrial applications.

C, %
Mn, %
P, %
S, %
Si, %
Cr, %
Mo, %
V, %
N, %
Ni, %
Al, %
Nb, %
0.08- 0.12
0.3- 0.6
0.02 max
0.01 max
0.2- 0.5
8.0- 9.5
0.85- 1.05
0.18- 0.25
0.03- 0.07
0.4 max
0.04 max
0.06- 0.10

Thus, this table provides valuable insights into the chemical composition of these Tubing, highlighting their properties and suitability. 

Mechanical Properties of Alloy Steel A213 T91 Tubing

The table provides essential information for engineers and manufacturers to assess the integrity and durability of the Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing in demanding environments.

Tensile Strength, MPa
Yield Strength, MPa
Elongation, %
Hardness, HB
585 min
415 min
20 min
250 max

Thus, this valuable data on the strength, flexibility, and resilience of the Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is crucial for ensuring reliability and longevity.

Advantages of Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing

These flexible tubes offer numerous benefits for various industrial applications.

  •  High-Temperature Resistance: A213 T91 tubing has excellent high-temperature properties. Therefore, it can be used for boilers, superheaters, and heat exchangers where high-temperature strength is essential.
  • Corrosion Resistance: The presence of chromium gives it high resistance to oxidation and corrosion and thus makes it very durable even in the most unforgiving conditions.
  • Creep Resistance: T91 tubing also has very good resistance to creep, which is the ability of a material to deform permanently under mechanical stress. This makes it ideal for use for long periods at high temperatures.
  • Thermal Stability: Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing exhibits excellent thermal stability and does not undergo thermal fatigue, meaning it will perform consistently at various temperatures.
  • Weldability and Fabrication: Alloy Steel A213 T91 is easy to weld and fabricate, making it suitable for use in various industries and convenient for maintenance and replacement.

Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing offers several advantages that make it suitable for industrial and commercial applications.

Common Applications of Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing

Due to its excellent features, the Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is preferred in various industrial applications. Some of the main applications include.

  • Power Generation: T91 tubing is widely applied in power stations mainly for high-pressure boiler tubes, superheater and reheater tubes where high-temperature steam is produced and controlled.
  • Petrochemical Industry: Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is used in the petrochemical industry for heat exchangers and other equipment where resistance to heat and chemicals is needed.
  • Chemical Processing: Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is widely used in chemical processing plants because the tubing is capable of handling corrosive chemicals and high-temperature processes without any issues.
  • Oil and Gas Industry: Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is used in oil and gas refineries and equipment subjected to high pressure and high temperature; therefore, it is very reliable and durable.
  • Industrial Boilers: In industrial boilers, the tubing plays a crucial role in conveying high-pressure steam and hot water to facilitate heat exchange and ensure the overall reliability of the boilers.
  • Heat Exchangers: Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is applied in heat exchangers because of its high thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance, which helps to enhance heat exchange and increase the service life of the equipment.
  • Nuclear Industry: Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is applied in nuclear power plants in steam generators and other parts exposed to high temperatures, radiation, and corrosive conditions.

Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is applied across various industries due to its valuable features, which make it versatile.

Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is a premium-grade material manufactured from chromium-molybdenum-vanadium alloy. It is characterised by high strength, high-temperature stability, and high corrosion resistance. The T91 grade is under the specification ASTM A213, which covers the seamless ferritic and austenitic alloy steel boiler, superheater, and heat exchanger tubes.

Chemical Composition of Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing

The composition of the Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is crucial for understanding their properties and performance in various industrial applications.

C, %
Mn, %
P, %
S, %
Si, %
Cr, %
Mo, %
V, %
N, %
Ni, %
Al, %
Nb, %
0.08- 0.12
0.3- 0.6
0.02 max
0.01 max
0.2- 0.5
8.0- 9.5
0.85- 1.05
0.18- 0.25
0.03- 0.07
0.4 max
0.04 max
0.06- 0.10

Thus, this table provides valuable insights into the chemical composition of these Tubing, highlighting their properties and suitability. 

Mechanical Properties of Alloy Steel A213 T91 Tubing

The table provides essential information for engineers and manufacturers to assess the integrity and durability of the Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing in demanding environments.

Tensile Strength, MPa
Yield Strength, MPa
Elongation, %
Hardness, HB
585 min
415 min
20 min
250 max

Thus, this valuable data on the strength, flexibility, and resilience of the Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is crucial for ensuring reliability and longevity.

Advantages of Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing

These flexible tubes offer numerous benefits for various industrial applications.

  •  High-Temperature Resistance: A213 T91 tubing has excellent high-temperature properties. Therefore, it can be used for boilers, superheaters, and heat exchangers where high-temperature strength is essential.
  • Corrosion Resistance: The presence of chromium gives it high resistance to oxidation and corrosion and thus makes it very durable even in the most unforgiving conditions.
  • Creep Resistance: T91 tubing also has very good resistance to creep, which is the ability of a material to deform permanently under mechanical stress. This makes it ideal for use for long periods at high temperatures.
  • Thermal Stability: Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing exhibits excellent thermal stability and does not undergo thermal fatigue, meaning it will perform consistently at various temperatures.
  • Weldability and Fabrication: Alloy Steel A213 T91 is easy to weld and fabricate, making it suitable for use in various industries and convenient for maintenance and replacement.

Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing offers several advantages that make it suitable for industrial and commercial applications.

Common Applications of Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing

Due to its excellent features, the Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is preferred in various industrial applications. Some of the main applications include.

  • Power Generation: T91 tubing is widely applied in power stations mainly for high-pressure boiler tubes, superheater and reheater tubes where high-temperature steam is produced and controlled.
  • Petrochemical Industry: Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is used in the petrochemical industry for heat exchangers and other equipment where resistance to heat and chemicals is needed.
  • Chemical Processing: Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is widely used in chemical processing plants because the tubing is capable of handling corrosive chemicals and high-temperature processes without any issues.
  • Oil and Gas Industry: Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is used in oil and gas refineries and equipment subjected to high pressure and high temperature; therefore, it is very reliable and durable.
  • Industrial Boilers: In industrial boilers, the tubing plays a crucial role in conveying high-pressure steam and hot water to facilitate heat exchange and ensure the overall reliability of the boilers.
  • Heat Exchangers: Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is applied in heat exchangers because of its high thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance, which helps to enhance heat exchange and increase the service life of the equipment.
  • Nuclear Industry: Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is applied in nuclear power plants in steam generators and other parts exposed to high temperatures, radiation, and corrosive conditions.

Alloy Steel A213 T91 tubing is applied across various industries due to its valuable features, which make it versatile.

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Alloy Steel A213 T91 Tubing FAQ's  

The Price Range For alloy steel a213 t91 tubing Products Is ₹250 To ₹300 Per Kilogram.

The pressure rating of Alloy Steel A213 T91 Tubing is up to 30,000 psi and its maximum temperature is 1,000°F (538°C).

The appropriate welding technique for Alloy Steel A213 T91 Tubing is GTAW (Gas tungsten arc welding) or GMAW (Gas metal arc welding).

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